Standards Map

Science and Technology/Engineering > Grade High School > Earth and Space Sciences
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Science and Technology/Engineering | Grade : High School

Discipline - Earth and Space Sciences

Core Idea - Earth's Place in the Universe

[HS.ESS.1.4] - Use Kepler’s laws to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system. Describe how orbits may change due to the gravitational effects from, or collisions with, other objects in the solar system. Clarification Statements: Kepler’s laws apply to human-made satellites as well as planets, moons, and other objects. Calculations involving Kepler’s laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.

Resources:

Predecessor Standards:

  • 8.EE.A.4
    Perform operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation, including problems where both decimal and scientific notation are used. Use scientific notation and choose units of appropriate size for measurements of very large or very small quantities (e.g., use millimeters per year for seafloor spreading). Interpret scientific notation that has been generated by technology.
  • 8.ESS.1.2
    Explain the role of gravity in ocean tides, the orbital motions of planets, their moons, and asteroids in the solar system. State Assessment Boundary: Kepler’s laws of orbital motion or the apparent retrograde motion of the planets as viewed from Earth are not expected in state assessment.

Successor Standards:

No Successor Standards found.

Same Level Standards:

  • AI.N-Q.A.1
    Use units as a way to understand problems and to guide the solution of multi-step problems; choose and interpret units consistently in formulas; choose and interpret the scale and the origin in graphs and data displays.*
  • AI.N-Q.A.2
    Define appropriate quantities for the purpose of descriptive modeling.*
  • AI.A-CED.A.2
    Create equations in two or more variables to represent relationships between quantities; graph equations on coordinate axes with labels and scales.*
  • AI.A-CED.A.4
    Rearrange formulas to highlight a quantity of interest using the same reasoning as in solving equations (Properties of equality).* For example, rearrange Ohm’s law R=V2/P to solve for voltage, V. Manipulate variables in formulas used in financial contexts such as for simple interest, I=Prt.
  • HS.ESS.1.2
    Describe the astronomical evidence for the Big Bang theory, including the red shift of light from the motion of distant galaxies as an indication that the universe is currently expanding, the cosmic microwave background as the remnant radiation from the Big Bang, and the observed composition of ordinary matter of the universe, primarily found in stars and interstellar gases, which matches that predicted by the Big Bang theory (3/4 hydrogen and 1/4 helium).
  • HS.ESS.1.5
    Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust, the theory of plate tectonics, and relative densities of oceanic and continental rocks to explain why continental rocks are generally much older than rocks of the ocean floor. Clarification Statement: Examples include the ages of oceanic crust (less than 200 million years old) increasing with distance from mid-ocean ridges (a result of plate spreading at divergent boundaries) and the ages of North American continental crust (which can be older than 4 billion years) increasing with distance away from a central ancient core (a result of past plate interactions at convergent boundaries).