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Mathematics > Grade 4 > Number and Operations in Base Ten
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Mathematics | Grade : 4

Domain - Number and Operations in Base Ten

Cluster - Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic on whole numbers less than or equal to 1,000,000.

[4.NBT.B.5] - Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.

Resources:

Predecessor Standards:

  • 3.OA.B.5
    Apply properties of operations to multiply. For example: When multiplying numbers order does not matter. If 6 x 4 = 24 is known, then 4 x 6 = 24 is also known (Commutative property of multiplication); The product 3 x 5 x 2 can be found by 3 x 5 = 15 then 15 x 2 = 30, or by 5 x 2 = 10 then 3 x 10 = 30 (Associative property of multiplication); When multiplying two numbers either number can be decomposed and multiplied; one can find 8 x 7 by knowing that 7 = 5 + 2 and that 8 x 5 = 40 and 8 x 2 = 16, resulting in 8 x (5 + 2) = (8 x 5) + (8 x 2) = 40 + 16 = 56 (Distributive property); When a number is multiplied by 1 the result is the same number (Identity property of 1 for multiplication). [Note: Students need not use formal terms for these properties. Students are not expected to use distributive notation]
  • 3.OA.C.7
    Fluently multiply and divide within 100, using strategies such as the relationship between multiplication and division (e.g., knowing that 8 x 5 = 40, one knows 40 ÷ 5 = 8) or properties of operations. By the end of grade 3, know from memory all products of two single-digit numbers and related division facts. For example, the product 4 x 7 = 28 has related division facts 28 ÷ 7 = 4 and 28 ÷ 4 = 7.
  • 3.NBT.A.2
    Fluently add and subtract within 1,000 using strategies and algorithms based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. [Note: A range of algorithms may be used.]
  • 3.NBT.A.3
    Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range 10–90 (e.g., 9 x 80, 5 x 60) using strategies based on place value and properties of operations. [Note: A range of algorithms may be used.]

Successor Standards:

  • 5.NBT.B.5
    Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers. (Include two-digit x four-digit numbers and, three-digit x three-digit numbers) using the standard algorithm.

Same Level Standards:

  • 4.NBT.A.1
    Recognize that in a multi-digit whole number, a digit in any place represents 10 times as much as it represents in the place to its right. For example, recognize that 700 ÷ 70 = 10 by applying concepts of place value and division.
  • 4.NBT.B.6
    Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.