Standards Map

English Language Arts and Literacy > Grade 9-10 > Reading Literature
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English Language Arts and Literacy | Grade : 9-10

Strand - Reading Literature

Cluster - Craft and Structure

[RL.9-10.4] - Determine the figurative or connotative meaning(s) of words and phrases as they are used in a text; analyze the impact of words with multiple meanings, as well as symbols or metaphors that extend throughout the text and shape its meaning. (See grades 9-10 Language Standards 4-6 on applying knowledge of vocabulary to reading.)

Resources:


  • Analysis (Analyze)
    In general, a careful examination of the parts of a whole and their relationships to one another; in language arts, a study of how words, sentences, paragraphs, stanzas, or sections of a text affect its meaning.
  • Connotation
    Attitudes and feelings associated with a word. Connotations may be negative (as with tight-fisted) or positive (as with frugal), and they affect style and meaning. See Denotation.
  • Figurative language
    Language enriched by imagery and figures of speech such as simile, metaphor, or personification.
  • Massachusetts Anchor Standards for Reading
  • Metaphor
    A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things that are basically different but have something in common. Unlike a simile, a metaphor does not contain the word like or as. An example is William Shakespeare’s “Now is the winter of our discontent / Made glorious summer by this son of York / And all the clouds that low’r’d upon our house / In the deep bosom of the ocean buried.” Mixed metaphors inadvertently make inappropriate or confusing comparisons: for example, when the iron is hot, keep the ball rolling.
  • Phrase
    Broadly, any short series of related words; grammatically, a series of related words that lacks either a subject or a predicate or both: for example, by the door or opening the box. See Clause.
  • Reading Closely to Analyze Complex Texts in the Secondary Grades
  • Symbol
    Person, place, or object that represents something beyond itself. Symbols can succinctly communicate complicated, emotionally rich ideas.

Predecessor Standards:

  • RL.8.4
    Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning, tone, or mood, including allusions and irony. (See grade 8 Language standards 4-6 on applying knowledge of vocabulary to reading.)

Successor Standards:

  • RL.11-12.4
    Determine the figurative or connotative meaning (s) of words and phrases as they are used in the text; analyze the impact of specific words or rhetorical patterns (e.g., how the language evokes a sense of time and place, how shifts in rhetorical patterns signal new perspectives). (See grades 11-12 Language Standards 4-6 on applying knowledge of vocabulary to reading.)

Same Level Standards:

  • L.9-10.4
    Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 9–10 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
  • L.9-10.5
    Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
  • L.9-10.6
    Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; independently research words and gather vocabulary knowledge. (See grades 9-10 Reading Literature Standard 4 and Reading Informational Text Standard 4 on applying knowledge of vocabulary to reading; see grades 9-10 Writing Standard 5 and Speaking and Listening Standard 4 on strengthening writing and presentations by applying knowledge of vocabulary.)