English Language Arts and Literacy | Grade : 11-12
Strand - Reading Literature
Cluster - Craft and Structure
[RL.11-12.4] - Determine the figurative or connotative meaning (s) of words and phrases as they are used in the text; analyze the impact of specific words or rhetorical patterns (e.g., how the language evokes a sense of time and place, how shifts in rhetorical patterns signal new perspectives). (See grades 11-12 Language Standards 4-6 on applying knowledge of vocabulary to reading.)
- Analysis (Analyze)
In general, a careful examination of the parts of a whole and their relationships to one another; in language arts, a study of how words, sentences, paragraphs, stanzas, or sections of a text affect its meaning. - Connotation
Attitudes and feelings associated with a word. Connotations may be negative (as with tight-fisted) or positive (as with frugal), and they affect style and meaning. See Denotation. - Figurative language
Language enriched by imagery and figures of speech such as simile, metaphor, or personification. - Massachusetts Anchor Standards for Reading
- Rhetoric
The study and practice of effective communication; often associated with language or images intended to persuade or otherwise influence an audience. There are three classical rhetorical strategies:
[L.11-12.4] -
Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple- meaning words and phrases based on grades 11-12 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
[L.11-12.5] -
Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
[L.11-12.6] -
Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; independently research words and gather vocabulary knowledge. (See grades 11-12 Reading Literature Standard 4 and Reading Informational Text Standard 4 on applying knowledge of vocabulary to reading; see grades 11-12 Writing Standard 5 and Speaking and Listening Standard 4 on strengthening writing and presentations by applying knowledge of vocabulary.)