Science and Technology/Engineering | Grade : High School
Discipline - Biology
Core Idea - Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits
[HS.LS.3.4] - Use scientific information to illustrate that many traits of individuals, and the presence of specific alleles in a population, are due to interactions of genetic factors and environmental factors. Clarification Statements: Examples of genetic factors include the presence of multiple alleles for one gene and multiple genes influencing a trait. An example of the role of the environment in expressed traits in an individual can include the likelihood of developing inherited diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer) in relation to exposure to environmental toxins and lifestyle; an example in populations can include the maintenance of the allele for sickle-cell anemia in high frequency in malaria-affected regions because it confers partial resistance to malaria. State Assessment Boundary: Hardy-Weinberg calculations are not expected in state assessment.
[RCA-ST.9-10.1] -
Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions.
[HS.LS.3.2] -
Make and defend a claim based on evidence that genetic variations (alleles) may result from (a) new genetic combinations via the processes of crossing over and random segregation of chromosomes during meiosis, (b) mutations that occur during replication, and/or (c) mutations caused by environmental factors. Recognize that mutations that occur in gametes can be passed to offspring. Clarification Statement: Examples of evidence of genetic variation can include the work of McClintock in crossing over of maize chromosomes and the development of cancer due to DNA replication errors and UV ray exposure. State Assessment Boundary: Specific phases of meiosis or identification of specific types of mutations are not expected in state assessment.